Although natural germination is the best way to start most tree seeds, horticulturalists have consistent results by assisting winter growing with various techniques to mimic nature.
My Seeds have been Sitting Around for A While Are they Still Good? Maintaining Seed Viability
Non-viable seeds are often the cause of failure during sowing. There are many causes of poor viability. - A seed may never have been viable in the first place.
Learning Seed Stratification Techniques is Easy! All You Need is a Good Teacher
Waiting for the season to get seed started is not always an option in this busy world. Seed Stratification is a way of treating seeds to mimic conditions that the seeds needs to go through beforegerminationcan occur. Many seed species have an embryonic latency phase, and often will not sprout until this period is broken.
Some of the seeds that we sell have hard seed coats that allow them to sit in the ground for many years waiting for the proper conditions to come along for germination.